François Georges
Auguste Dauverné (1799 - 1874) François Dauverné was born in Paris on February 16,
1799 and died in Paris on November 4, 1874.
At age 15 he entered the Musique des
Gardes-du-Corps du Roi as trumpeter. He was also first trumpeter in the Orchestra of
the Academie Royale de Musique.
In 1826, a trumpet in F with 3 valves
was built in Berlin and sent (from Prussia) to Paris. François Dauverné immediately understood the new posibilities of
this instrument. Dauverné is generally credited for being the first to use
the valved trumpet (trompette
moderne or trompette
chromatique) in public performance in 1827. While he
lauded the instrument in theory, he was dissatisfied with its
intonation and timbre when compared to the natural trumpet. In
1828 he made Halary build him a copy of the valved trumpet. At
first it had only two valves.
Dauverné persuaded composert to
write for the newly invented valved trumpet. This resulted in
Berlioz' overture Waverley
(1827) and Rossini's Guillaume
Tell (1829)
Teacher / professor at Paris
Conservatory (1835 - 1869) Trumpet teaching was first started in 1833 at
the Paris Conservatory. The first teacher was François Dauverné.
He was under the German influence of
J. E. Altenburg.
Since the morceaux in
the the concours (the
piece used in the graduation exam)
were often composed by the professor,
they tended to reflect both the latest developments of the
instrument and the stylistic preferences of the professor. As
trumpet professor, Dauverné, having no such solo repertoire at his disposal,
composed every trumpet contest piece from 1835 (the first year the
trumpet was included in the concours as a solo instrument) until
his retirement in 1869.
Conservatory students were trained on both valved trumpet and
natural trumpet (trompette
simple or trompette
d'ordonnance). Reviews indicate that hand-stopping was
used for the concours of 1836 and the slide trumpet was used in
1845; however, it is not clear whether these instruments were used
with regularity or if these contests were isolated events. Since
Arban (his student) won premier
prix (first place) in 1845 it is logical to assume that
he received some training on the slide trumpet. Most of the
morceaux used during Dauverne's tenure (1835 – 1869) were written
for the natural trumpet and the two-valved trumpet in Eb.
On January 1, 1869, he retired as professor at the Paris Conservatory. Method
Dauverné published several books:
Theorie ou tabulature de la trompette à pistons (Paris,
1827-1828)
Methode de trompette à pistons (Paris, 1834-1835)
Méthode théorique & pratique du cornet
à pistons ou cylindres. (Paris, Henry Lemoine, 1846)
Méthode pour la trompette (Paris, 1857)
In his last book from 1857, Dauverné gives a detailed history
of the trumpet from antiquity to the mid-19th century. He also gives
instructions for playing the natural trumpet, the slide trumpet, and
the newly-invented piston trumpet. Most of this method is devoted to
the natural trumpet.
Students
Dauverné's most famous student was J. B. Arban. Arban
entered Dauverné's class on September 29, 1841, at age 16.
Jules-Henri-Louis Cerclier (1823 - 1897) was a classmate of Arban.
Cerclier studied from 1842 - 1845 and was the sucessor of
Dauverné as trumpet professor at the
Paris Conservatory from 1869 to 1894.
Another student of Dauverné was Louis Antoine Saint-Jacome
(1830-1898). Like Arban, Saint-Jacome also published a method for
cornet and trumpet. He published his Grand Method for Trumpet or Cornet in 1870.
Saint-Jacome's studied with Dauverné later than Arban and
Cerclerier and ended his studies in 1858.
Pictures
Dauverné
with student.
Dauverné
in 1864
Dauverné in
1870 Sources:
* Edward H. Tarr "Die Trompete" 4. edition 2005
* Edward H. Tarr "Dauverné, François Georges
Auguste" - Grove Music Online
* Article by D. Kelly - ITG Journal, March 2006 (page 17
- 28)
* Article about Cerclier at
Edition
BIM's website * A new biography by Jean-Louis Couturier (who
found two pictures, from 1864 and 1870)
* Photo of
Dauverné with
student - from Christophe Rostango.j.2007 - 2013
