Folks:

        Just for the record, I'd like to note that there are a number of different ways to accomplish vibrato:

        1.  Lip vibrato(varying pitch via compression and release of
            lip muscles, though not enough to change overtones, unless
            for a wide jazz shake)
        2.  Jaw vibrato(using an upward and downward, or less often
            a side to side motion of the jaw, as in *ah-yah-yah*)
        3.  Hand vibrato(extremely delicate effect, created by moving
            fingers back and forth on valve caps)
        4.  Wrist vibrato(as in hand vibrato, but moving from the wrist,
            which makes for a slightly more dramatic effect)
        5.  Arm vibrato(as in wrist vibrato, but moving from the elbow)
        6.  Diaphragmatic vibrato(as in *huh-huh-huh* alteration of the
            airstream from the abdominal area--perhaps the most difficult to master)
        7.  Throat vibrato(not recommended/hazardous to effective playing for some)

        Any or all of these techniques can be developed with practice, and should only be used as ornaments, not justifications of sound...(as mentioned before: *the icing, not the cake*

Rune Aleksandersen wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> I think vibrato should be practised like any other trumpet technique.
> It is nice to know both vibrato techiniques, as they give slightly
> different sound qualities. The lip vibrato is done with
> slightly moving the jaw up and down. The hand vibrato is done by
> pulsating the right hand.
> When practising the vibrato, I prefer to do it rythmically starting
> with two pulsations per beat. I listen to make it sound even around
> the tonal center of the trumpet. Also, I try different widths and
> increase the speed as I gain control. (If I remember correctly, the
> Maxwell book has some excellent vibrato exercises.)
> When doing the lip vibrato, it is important that one also practises
> switching it off!
> Hope this helps,
> Rune

- --
Take Care!
Jeannie
jarcher@shore.net
chopshopdoc@musician.org